I looked up a dictionary and
插,刺,捅,扎 are all translated as "sting".
Any difference between them? For example some are more casual while others are not...
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1some users are wondering which dictionary would have only one word as entry for each of these verbs,cf.＂汉语水平考试词典＂：＊＊插＊＊ 乙（动）［义１］把细长或片状的东西扎进、挤进别的东西（stick in;insert):～花｜～曲｜～头｜～图｜～页｜～座｜安～｜～翅难飞｜见缝～针｜蛋糕上～着几支生日蜡烛。［义２］中间临时加入，参与（interpose;insert):～手｜穿～｜自觉一点，别插队！｜对不起～一句话｜早已开学了，你只好做～班生了。＊＊刺＊＊乙（动）用针或尖头的东西去扎（sting;stab):～绣｜拼～｜针～｜他用针在手臂上～了一朵花｜警察被歹徒～伤了。［义２］刺激（irritate;stimulate):～鼻｜～目｜～眼｜刀在钢板上刮的声音常～耳｜明亮的灯光～得他眼睛也睁不开。［义３］偷偷的杀死；暗杀（assassinate）：～客｜行～｜美国总统肯尼递是被～杀的｜他在途中遇～身亡.– user6065Nov 22, 2015 at 12:22
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［义４］暗中打听（detect;spy):工业间谍专门～探经济情报。［义５］用挖苦的话嘲笑别人（criticize;satirize):不要去随便讽～别人｜他够伤心的了，你别再拿话去～他。＊＊捅＊＊ 丁（动）［义１］用尖而长的东西戳、扎（poke;stab):不小心～了个漏子｜凶犯～刀在他肩上，血流了出来｜把信从门缝里～进去｜这人太凶了，没人敢去～这个马蜂窝。［义２］碰（stir up;give a nudge):用指头轻轻地～了他一下｜老李腰部受伤了，别～他的腰。［义３］揭露；说出来让人知道（disclose；give away；let out）：小李把单位里的事都～到外面去了｜我给你讲的悄悄话，可别到处乱～。＊＊扎＊＊ 乙（动）［义１］（用）尖的东西刺、插入（prick;stab):～手｜～针｜手上～了一根刺｜在小女孩耳朵上～孔儿戴耳环。［义２］钻进去、投入（plunge into；get into）：一头～进水里｜他在农村已经～根了。［义３］驻扎（pitch）：稳～稳打｜安营～寨｜部队在草地上～营。– user6065Nov 22, 2015 at 12:23
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2 Answers
cha, usually use it as, fork, you stick fork into food. you stick your finger into your mouth, etc. its usually not aggressive.
ci, the second one, basically as, needle, eg: the fish bone hurt my finger... when you are having a shot from doctor, etc.
tong, I feel this is like, you use weapon firmly stick into something, a bit aggressive. for example, the knife sticked into your body...etc
zha, this one is like an accident, you accidentally hurt your finger, by a very small, sharp thing, for example: the glass hurt me, you can use "zha", also "zha" usually is not deep, its like hurt you on the surface...
just a brief explain.
I would say, 刺 and 扎 highlights the acuteness of the things that is stabbing. If there has to be a difference, 刺 can be done with something pointing or sharp, but 扎 usually refers to only pointing things. But 捅 isn't necessarily sharp. Instead, 捅 usually implies a rapid and forceful movement. 插 can be the mildest and the most casual action of the four, and it also sometimes implies that their is already a slit or a hole before putting into something, like a plug, a card slit, or a blank.
