I explored The Martian subtitles available online, and found multiple that use science (科学 or 科研). (Below I leave the cuss words uncensored.)
The English is:
So, in the face of overwhelming odds, I'm left with only one option. I'm gonna have to science the shit out of this.
Chinese version 1
成功機會微乎其微,我別無選擇,我得用他媽的科學方法活下去
source (lines 455-456)
My translation: Success change is tiny, I have no other choice, I need to use [a] fucking science method to survive.
Chinese version 2
在这种悲催情况下,我只剩下一个选择,我得搞搞科研把这破事儿解决了
source (lines 512-513)
在這種悲催情況下,我只剩下一個選擇,我得搞搞科研把這破事兒解決
source (lines 513-514)
My translation: In this kind of miserable circumstances, I'm left with one choice, I need to do science to solve this annoying thing.
Chinese version 3
在这种压倒性的劣势下,我只有一个办法,那就是“实践出真知”
source (lines 455-457)
My translation: In this overwhelming disadvantage, I only have one solution, that is "to put into practice real knowledge".
Chinese version 4
在压倒性的劣势下,我只有一个选择,用科学狠狠地干它
source (lines 500-503)
My translation: In this overwhelming disadvantage, I only have one solution, use science to ruthlessly fuck it.