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A tag for discussing the nuances of particles. Including 的, 了, 吗, 过, 吧, 着, etc.

Particles are words that have a grammatical function.

In chinese, the main particles are:

  • 的 for modifying nouns, often to express possessives; for expressing certainty
  • 地 (de) for modifying verbs
  • 得 for expressing grade complements; for expressing potentiality
  • 了 for expressing completion (aspectual); for expressing change (modal)
  • 吗 for asking questions
  • 吧 for asking questions to which you expect an affirmative answer; for expressing commands
  • 过 for expressing experience, or past occurrences
  • 着 for expressing continuous aspect
  • (正)在 for expressing actions in progress (similar to 着)