In most cases, 接到 is used when someone takes the initiative, but 收到 is more passive. For example,
A: 你收到我的短信了吗? Have you received my message?
B:收到了。Yes, I do.
A:你明天能来机场接我吗?Can you come to the airport to pick-up me tomorrow?
B: 我正好明天有事情,不能去。I am sorry but I have something else to do tomorrow.
(In Chinese, the two words could be used interchangeably in some cases.)
天文台接收到一个神秘的宇宙信号。The observatory received a mysterious cosmic signal.
For your 4 cases, I try to provide some extreme examples.
[1] use 接到 but not 收到 (她没有接到球。- did not catch the basketball)
[2] use 收到 but not 接到 (我没有收到快递。- did not receive the mail order)
[3] use both 接到 and 收到. Their meanings are the same. 天文台接收到(接到)(收到)一个神秘的宇宙信号。
[4] use both 接到 and 收到. The meanings of them are different?
[4a] 我接过他递给我的玫瑰花。(I took the roses he handed over)
[4b] 我收到他寄给我的玫瑰花。(I received the roses he mailed to me)
We can use 接受 (accept) in the following sentences.
[5a] 我拒绝接受他递给我的玫瑰花。(I refuse to accept the roses he handed over)
[5b] 我拒绝接受他寄给我的玫瑰花。(I refuse to accept the roses he mailed to me)
There is another related verb 取. The target is not moving but you have to pick it up. Use the verb 收 when the target is moving towards you but you need not move. 接(球) means you have to actively move your hands to catch the moving target.